Protein amyloid aggregate: Structure and function

Protein amyloid aggregation has been widely observed to occur and plays important roles in both physiological processes pathological diseases. Remarkably, aggregates assembled by native proteins gain a variety of different biological activities, which cannot be adopted the unassembled protein alone. Thus, it is investigate molecular basis self-assembly how aggregated structure determines its function. In review, we firstly introduce our structural knowledge on undergo conformational transition assemble into aggregate, with main focus fibril, major species aggregate. Then, elaborate structures fibrils enable them fulfill highly diverse functions either or condition. Furthermore, discuss polymorph very unique feature implication understanding structure-function relationship fibrils. Finally, point out importance applying integrating new approaches for deepening study highlight potential designing fibril-based functional bio-nanomaterials application.